英文论文总结范文例句 第一篇

摘要主要有以下四种。

第一种是随同论文一起在学术刊物上发表的摘要。这种摘要置于主体部分之前，目的是让读者首先了解一下论文的内容，以便决定是否阅读全文。一般来说，这种摘要在全文完成之后写。字数限制在100～150字之间。内容包括研究目的、研究方法、研究结果和主要结论。

第二种是学术会议论文摘要。会议论文摘要往往在会议召开之前几个月撰写，目的是交给会议论文评审委员会评阅，从而决定是否能够录用。所以，比第一种略为详细，长度在200—300字之间。

会议论文摘要的开头有必要简单介绍一下研究课题的意义、目的、宗旨等。如果在写摘要时，研究工作尚未完成，全部研究结果还未得到，那么，应在方法、目的、宗旨、假设等方面多花笔墨。

第三种为学位论文摘要。学士、硕士和博士论文摘要一般都要求用中、英文两种语言写。学位论文摘要一般在400字左右，根据需要可以分为几个段落。内容一般包括研究背景、意义、主旨和目的；基本理论依据，基本假设;研究方法；研究结果;主要创新点;简短讨论。

不同级别的学位论文摘要，要突出不同程度的创新之处，指出有何新的观点、见解或解决问题的新方法。

第四种是脱离原文而独立发表的.摘要。这种摘要更应该具有独立性、自含性、完整性。读者无需阅读全文，便可以了解全文的主要内容。

以上四种摘要具有许多共性。无论哪种摘要，内容一般都包括：

(1)目的(objectives，purposes)：包括研究背景、范围、内容、要解决的问题及解决这一问题的重要性和意义。

(2)方法(methods and materials)：包括材料、手段和过程。

(3)结果与简短讨论(results and discussions)：包括数据与分析。

(4)结论(conclusions)：主要结论，研究的价值和意义等。

无论哪种摘要，语言特点和文体风格也都相同。首先必须符合格式规范。

第二，语言必须规范通顺，准确得体，用词要确切、恰如其分，而且要避免非通用的符号、缩略语、生偏词。另外，摘要的语气要客观，不要作出言过其实的结论。

下面从内容、结构布局和语言特点三方面着手，讨论摘要的写作方法和技巧。

英文论文总结范文例句 第二篇

Explaining key terms:

1. While a variety of definitions of the term X have been suggested, this dissertation will use the definition first suggested by Smith (1968) who saw it as ….

2. Throughout this paper the term X will refer to/will be used to refer to ….

3. In this dissertation the acronym/abbreviation XYZ will be used.

4. According to …. (2000) X can be defined as follows; ” X is one of …. ”

5. The term X is a relatively new name for ….., commonly referred to as ….

6. This definition is close to that of Smith (2009) who defined X as ….

英文论文总结范文例句 第三篇

一、 开头：

1. 漫画：As is symbolically illustrated in the portrayal … (用句子简单总结漫画). In the

portrayal … (详细描述漫画). At the lower part of the portrayal, the caption indicates: … (有文字时使用).

2. 照片：As is vividly depicted in the photo … (用句子简单总结). In the photo … (详细描

述照片，一般情况下照片下面有文字描述，可以直接翻译).

3. 图表：From the information conveyed in the column chart, we can see that … (详细

描述图表).

注：用句子简单总结不要完全切题，常见句式如下：

① XXX exerts such a profound affect on our life.

② XXX has gain overwhelming popularity.

③ There is a striking contrast in XXX between XX and XX.

英文论文总结范文例句 第四篇

20xx年河南中考英语作文万能模板（名师总结版）

中考英语作文万能模板：阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．

１． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．

２． 分析并举例使其更充实．

中考英语作文万能模板：解决方法题型

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径

１． 问题现状

２． 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).

英文论文总结范文例句 第五篇

作文模板

一、描述段

两层含义：1、描述图画内容2、揭示寓意

第一句-描述句-描述图画内容

1、一幅图画

A、The cartoon describes a very common phenomenon in our society that 内容-SVO.

B、As can be seen from the picture ,(there is)内容-SVO.

2、两幅图画

A、The set of drawings describe a very common phenomenon in our society that 内容-SVO.

B、Presenting totally different /sharply contrasted scenes, the two pictures suggest that 内容-SVO.

第二句-引出话题

1、社会热点现象

In recent years , along with the tremendous advance of the society , 主题has become a hot issue of the general public , especially for those who are confronted with the situation .

英文论文总结范文例句 第六篇

一般来说，摘要必须包括研究目的，研究方法，研究结果，主要结论等内容。也就是说，摘要必须回答“研究什么”、 “怎么研究”、“得到了什么结果”、“结果说明了什么”等问题。

学术期刊论文摘要

这种摘要随同全文一起发表，简短精炼是其主要特点。只需简明扼要地将研究目的、方法、结果和结论分别用1～2句话加以概括即可(如图所示)。至于研究背景或宗旨应在论文的Introduction部分较详细介绍，不必在摘要里介绍。期刊论文摘要结构布局例

1This investigation was performed to see if the aluminum in pop cans (易拉罐)and aluminum cookware enters the liquid they contain.

It was hypothesized that aluminum does enter the liquids in aluminum cans and cookware.

Methods and Materials

This experiment was performed by testing seven different types of carbonated beverages and water boiled in aluminum cookware for three hours.

Every hour a sample was removed for testing.

The cookware consisted of a new and old aluminum pot.

The colorimetric method was used to determine the concentration of aluminum.

Results

The results showed that aluminum was present in carbonated beverages and in the water boiled in the cookware.

Conclusions

It was concluded that aluminum existed in carbonated beverages and substances cooked in aluminum cookware, and that the concentration of aluminum increased with time.

(126 words) (本章选文中黑体部分为编者注。)分析

本摘要共8句话，126个词。第1句话指出了研究目的：装在易拉罐或铝制炊具中的液体是否含有铝。第2句是假设，铝可能真的会进人装在铝制罐子或炊具中的液体之中。第3～6句是实验材料、时间与方法。第7句是实验结果。第8句是结论：存放于铝制容器或炊具中的液体内含有铝，而且存放的时间越长，铝含量越高。

例1中的主要句型结构如下

This investigation was performed to see 表示研究目的 It was hypothesized that 表示假设 This experiment was performed by testing 表示实验过程和 方法 The colorimetric method was used to determine 表示测量方法 The results showed that 表示实验结果 It was concluded that 表示结论 例2 Objective

This study investigates possible effects of high intake of carotenoids(类胡罗卜素), eye color, and girth measurements(眼睛大小)on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG 青光眼).

Methods and Materials

Researchers designed a questionnaire that inquired about diet and family and personal health history.

This questionnaire was administered to 250 individuals suffering from glaucoma.

Results and Discussion

The dietary data suggested a possible correlation between low habitual intake of vitamin A, E, and C and higher risk of POAG.

In addition, the number of persons suffering from POAG with blue eye color was significantly higher than those with brown or green.

Finally, a possible association was suggested concerning girth measurements

those persons with proportionately larger than normal girth measurements may be more likely to suffer from POAG.

(117 words) 分析：本摘要只有6句话，117个词。第1句话明确指出研究目的

说明类胡萝卜素的摄人量大、眼睛颜色及眼睛大小与青光眼的关系。第2—3句是研究方法与研究对象。方法是通过调 查问卷，研究对象是250名青光眼患者。第4～6句话每句话是调查结果

1)维生素A、E、C摄人量低可能与青光眼发病率高有关系;

2)蓝眼睛青光眼患者的比例远远超过棕色眼睛或绿色眼睛青光眼患者;

3)眼睛过大的人患青光眼的可能性更大。

本摘要中的主要句型结构

This study investigates…表示研究内容或目的 Researchers designed a questionnaire…表示研究方法 This questionnaire was administered to…表示研究对象 The dietary data suggests that…表示调查数据与结果 A possible association has been suggested…表示调查结果

英文论文总结范文例句 第七篇

? 功能I：解决问题

这种类型的文章主要针对一些实际的问题分析其原因和后果，最后提出解决的措施。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，

第二段分析问题所在，第三段提出解决方案。

1、身体健康类

模板1：

The picture . What is strikingly noticeable is , but it can be easily explained by shown in the picture.

The discernable unhealthiness discloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in the China’s . One the one hand, . On the other hand, . As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture tells us.