厦门导游词范文(篇一)

The Oxford Movement, led by John Henry Newman, broke from the Anglican Church in the 1840s.

Twenty years later, the new University Museum was the site of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, the champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.

From 1878, academic halls were established for women, who became members of the University in 1920.

Since 1974, all but one of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women.

St Hilda's remains the only women's college.

In the years since the war, Oxford has added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine.

In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as a focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.

StudentsThe University of Oxford's total student population numbers just over 16,100 (students in residence, 1998-9).

Almost a quarter of these students are from overseas, including the countries of the European Union.

More than 130 nationalities are represented among our student body.

Almost 5,000 students are engaged in postgraduate work.

Of these, around 3,000 are working in the arts and humanities.

StaffOxford's current academic community includes 76 Fellows of the Royal Society and 105 Fellows of the British Academy.

A further 97 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are also Fellows of the British Academy, and 142 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are Fellows of the Royal Society.

厦门导游词范文(篇二)

Notre-dame is a Romanesque church located in the center of Paris. Construction of the church began in 1163 during the reign of Louis Ⅶ and completed roughly 180 years later in about 1345.

It is famous not only for Victor Hugo's famous novel but also for its gothic architechture which was considered to be the sign of European architecture. It has very distinctive architecture style and had been called "the symphony of stone". There are 3 doorways called the kings gallery on which 28 portraits of the king in Jew and Israel were hanging. There is handly and decoration inside the church. The main hall that had held a lot of important ceremonies can hold nearly 9000 persons.

厦门导游词范文(篇三)

Welcome to Yunnan, Welcome to Tengchong! It’s my honor to be your guide. Today we are going to visit the volcanoes and hot springs in Tengchong, which are the most famous here.

As we will get there in a few minutes, first allow me to give you a brief intoduction of Tengchong. Tengchong is located in the southwest of China and occupies an area of 5800 square kilometers. There are 23 nationalities here, such as 汉、傣、回、白 nationalities and so on. When we mentioned Tengchong, three things will come into mind, which are: the volcanoes and hot springs having 10,000 years, the border city having 1,000 years and the fair of jade having 100 years.

Later we will get to the volcanoes and the hot spring, so now I can tell you something about the latter two ones. They all can reflect the long history Tengchong has. Tengchong is a city on boarder. And because of its location, it has been an important place for military reasons. And that’s a part of its history. It’s also regarded as the county of manners, and it is the hometown of so many famous people. And another part of its history is that Tengchong is one trade center of jade between China and Burma. So don’t forget to get a round to the jade fair. I think you will feel interested.

OK, everyone, here is the Library of the Volcanoes. Now let’s have a look at .The volcanoes in Tengchong are famous in China, and it’s one of the four groups of volcanoes in China. The strong extravasations are the cause of the landform of Tengchong. There is a lieder in Tengchong saying that:” Such a place Tengchong, nine in ten mountains have no peaks.” It’s very vivid, from that you can see so many volcanoes are in Tengchong. There are 97 volcanoes in Tengchong now with high value of tourism and scientific research.

厦门导游词范文(篇四)

welcome to yunnan, welcome to tengchong! it’s my honor to be your guide. today we are going to visit the volcanoes and hot springs in tengchong, which are the most famous here.

as we will get there in a few minutes, first allow me to give you a brief intoduction of tengchong. tengchong is located in the southwest of china and occupies an area of 5800 square kilometers. there are 23 nationalities here, such as 汉、傣、回、白 nationalities and so on. when we mentioned tengchong, three things will come into mind, which are: the volcanoes and hot springs having 10,000 years, the border city having 1,000 years and the fair of jade having 100 years.

later we will get to the volcanoes and the hot spring, so now i can tell you something about the latter two ones. they all can reflect the long history tengchong has. tengchong is a city on boarder. and because of its location, it has been an important place for military reasons. and that’s a part of its history. it’s also regarded as the county of manners, and it is the hometown of so many famous people. and another part of its history is that tengchong is one trade center of jade between china and burma. so don’t forget to get a round to the jade fair. i think you will feel interested.

ok, everyone, here is the library of the volcanoes. now let’s have a look at .the volcanoes in tengchong are famous in china, and it’s one of the four groups of volcanoes in china. the strong extravasations are the cause of the landform of tengchong. there is a lieder in tengchong saying that:” such a place tengchong, nine in ten mountains have no peaks.” it’s very vivid, from that you can see so many volcanoes are in tengchong. there are 97 volcanoes in tengchong now with high value of tourism and scientific research.

厦门导游词范文(篇五)

good morning!

my telephone number is xxxxxxxx, if you have any special interesting, please tell your tour leader or me, we will try our best to make your stay in tai’an a pleasant one. we highly appreciate your understanding and co-operation.

ok. next time i must tell you that: the mountain tai is tall and steep, very steep in some places.

so you must pay special attention to safety, to do “walk not viewing, viewing not walk”, especially advantageous location, but also to “simply walk down, not looking up view”.

ok! now, i want to chat about the mountain tai with you. the mountain tai is located in the central of shandong province, east of the yellow sea, west of the yellow river. the mountain tai, ancient dongyue, also know as daizong、daishan. since ancient time, also know as“the five sacred mountains domination”. it formed 27 to 28 billon years ago, the total area of 426 square kilometers, 1545 meters sea level peak yuhuang ding. with the surrounding low mountains and hills, its relative height over thirteen hundred meters, which is giving a pull to sky momentum. based on the large and concentrated, giving a “rock solid” “heavy as mountain tai” natural feeling, so people warm to praise her.

therefore, the image of emperors became the spokesman for taishan, and left a lot of cultural relics in the number of mountains of the mountain domination position.

厦门导游词范文(篇六)

the great mosque at huajue lane

the mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over moslems in xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the provincial people’s government. unlike the arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the mosque here in xi’an possesses much chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to islamic mosques, this mosque also holds characteristics of chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

however, any further discussion about the mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of islam into china is brought up.

islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century . and was introduced to china in the mid-600s. at that time, arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of china by way of persia and afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with china. in the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through bangladesh bay and the malacca strait to china’s guangzhou, quanzhou, huangzhou, yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became moslems.

however, massive immigration of the moslems to china did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when genghis khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from central asia to eastern europe, including the north of iran. many of the moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in china.

among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the hui people in the history books on the yuan dynasty. the hui people later followed kublai khan down to the south, helping him unifying china and then establish the yuan dynasty. in the wake of the conquest, islam spread all over china and mosques began to appear everywhere. in the yuan dynasty, many moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. and a lot of the moslems took part in zhu yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the ming dynasty. therefore, all the emperors of the dynasty issued mandates to protect islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the moslems for their feats. in the early 16th century, islam predominated qinghai on the minority nationalities including the huis, the uygurs, the kazaks, the kirgizes, the tajiks, the tartars, the ozbeks, the dong xiangs, the salars and the bonans. the moslems in xi’an are mainly the huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in china.

the mosque at hua jue lane is the largest in xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in china.

according to “the stele on the building of the mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the tang dynasty. however, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the ming dynasty. the four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. the still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. the stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the mosque. on the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher mi fu, “may buddhism fill the universe”, on the other, “royal -bestowed”by dong qichang, another master of the same art of the ming dynasty. they are treasures in chinese calligraphy. at the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the hui calendars in arabic, is stored. it was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called xiao mining in the early period of the qing dynasty. a three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “retrospection tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in islamic temples in arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the moslems to come to worship. respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a scripture chamber, both elegantly laid out. the five wooden houses, which are called “water houses”in the southwest section of the mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. and in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the pavilion of phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. the pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. the six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. just at the back of the pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. there are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and arabic letterings. the imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of mecca, to chant in koran and to pay their religious homage.

the moslems in china share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. they worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. they are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. according to koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. however, except a few places in xinjiang, the chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. upon his death, a moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “ke fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting scriptures at the funeral.

the chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. and of course, the moslems in china enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

厦门导游词范文(篇七)

Hello everyone! Warmly welcome you to visit Haiyang! My name is … now I will show you a brief description . Haiyang has a total area of 1886 square kilometers with a population of 690,000. It has a superior geological position. It is near to Qing Dao and Wei Hai. Haiyang is famous for sand beach with a long distance. The 2012 Asia beach sports is held in the sand beach. The sign of this sports is situated in the sand beach. There is a sand sculpture art park in the beach. The climate here is suitable to live in. it is not very hot in summer and it is not very cold in winter. Hai yang is very rich for various of fruits and vegetables. For example, cherry, white-cucumber and apple. Cherry Festival is on May 28 annually, it attracts many guests from all around the world to come here to taste the cherry.

There are many sight spots in Haiyang, now I will show you some symbolic spots. Mountain Zhao Hu National Forest Park is situated in the north of the Haiyang city. Mountain Zhao Hu is a part of the ranges of Mountain Lao Shan with a total area of 1762 hectares. This mountain is meters above sea level. Scenery diverses from each other all the year round. The park used to be a nationalized forest farm. The coverage rate of forests is 70%, the coverage rate of vegetation is 90%. The air is very fresh and clear. So the park is called “natural oxygen bar.” When you come into the park, you may take a deep breath, it is very helpful to your health. There are two water systems in the mountain, they’re named Nine dragon Lake and dragon gate Lake respectively. They’re spring from the top of the mountain, the water are drinkable. In the mountain, we not only experience the beautiful nature, but also feel extensive Buddhist culture. The east colored gazed Buddhist temple is located on the middle of the mountain, it was held a veiling ceremony by monk Shi Benhuan on November 7,2010. why we named” colored gazed Buddhist temple”? it is said that everyone is looking forward to “the east colored gazed world” which is regarded as a ideal place, everything there is made of colored gazed, even the body of medicine Buddha. The temple which sacrifices medicine Buddha covers a total area of 80,000 square meters . it takes 3 years to accomplish the whole building. The medicine Buddha can protect you from disease and lengthen your it is exploited, the park has become a significant sight spot in Haiyang.

The sight spot of The landmine war is situated in Zhu Wu town 12 kilometers away from the Haiyang city. Haiyang is the hometown of Landmine War, August first film studio made a film based on the story of landmine war in 1962. During the anti-Japanese war period, Japanese crashed into the countries to burn ,kill and rob. The common people built some landmine fabrication factory to fight against the enemies. They made many kinds of landmines and invented different kinds of fighting methods, hitting the enemies heavily. The outstanding representative in the war are Zhai shoufu ,yu hua hu and sun yu min. they took their efforts to fight against the enemies. In the spot ,the most interesting is watching the landmine war performance. The valid and humorous action will bring you to the era of the war. The actors are invited from Wu Shu Schools. So we should know our happy life is very hard to get. We should cherish our life.

厦门导游词范文(篇八)

Ladies and Gentlemen,

On behalf of our travel agency , I would like to extend a welcome to you .Wish you have a pleasant stay in chengdu .There is a saying that “once you come to chengdu ,you do not want to leave ” Which reveal the charming of this city .

The splendid chengdu city is renowned for its fertile land and agricultural wealth .It is the capital of Sichuan province and the center of its economy culture ,politics and information .With many images , Chengdu is a colorful and charming city .City of brocade ,city of leisure and Eden of the east are several of its widely spread names.

According to historical records “chengdu was built into a city with one year’s effort .And then ,it became the capital the next year ” in Chinese ,chengdu literally means ” the becoming capital”

The total area of chengdu is about 12600 square kilometers , and the city proper occupies an area of 87 square kilometers .According to the recent population census ,chengdu ‘s entire population was close to 11000 million ,of which 1/6 live in the urban area .

Lying in the eastern part of chengdu plain ,chengdu is strategically situated in western part of the Sichuan province by the mingjiang River . It extends about 166 kilometers from east to west about 192 kilometers from north to south.

Chengdu enjoys a generally subtropical and monsoon climate .therefore ,warm and moist weather dominate most days of a year .The four seasons are clearly demarcated ,The average annual temperature is around 16’C ,while the rainfall is about meters.

Topographically speaking , chengdu is high on the relief map in the northwest but low in the southeast .The highest elevation is 5364 meters and the lowest 387 meters .The average elevation of the city is 500 meters . percent of the land area of chengdu is occupied by plains while 63 percent is hilly lands and mountions.

For the purpose of administration ,chengdu is divided into 7 urban districts , and 12 suburban counties.

The municipal people’s congress as the legislative body which enacts all the local laws and supervises their execution is the supreme organ through which the citizens exercise their power .The municipal government of chengdu is the executive body of the highest organ of administration .The city flower is the hibiscus and the ginkgo tree is the city tree.

Chengdu is honored as a city of lights ,a sea of flowers ,and a home of delicacies .In downtown area ,long and wide avenues dotted with green trees ,and pretty flowers are flanked by high-building .Chengdu is a beautiful city full of vigor and vitality .Besides drinking tea in the local teahouse ,and tasting local snacks in some special restaurants ,one can either taste the typical Sichuan cuisine local wine and find out some local special products like shu embroidery ,bamboo-woven porcelain ware and lacquer ware ,you would be pleased to immerse into the local chengdu people’s slow pace of live.

The excavated remains from yangzi mount proved that there were human beings inhabited in chengdu as early as the later stone age

Around 4000-5000 years BC ,in the news stone age ,people began to live in a much lager scale area ,their foot prints can be found in chengdu proper、xinjin chongzhou and many other counties .

Around 400 years BC ,the king of the kaiming Dynasty moved its capital to chengdu .Since then ,chengdu has been the capital of Sichuan area for more than 2000 years .what is more ,chengdu as a name for this city has never been changed.

In 316 BC LiBing built the dujiangyan Irrigation system .By the mid of the eastern Han Dynasty ,The first public school in china was established by Wen Weng, a magistrate to the Shu prefecture. Thanks to Wen weng’s promotion to education ,literati and scholars since then.

Chengdu has been a city that many rebels fighting for during the war time .About 7 separated sovereigns were established when the central government was too weak to control this encircled mountainous area .In 24AD ,chengjia state was established in chengdu bu gongsun shu .In 221 AD ,the shuhan kingdom was built by liubei .IN 907 Ad ,Mangjian established the former shu state in chengdu .In 934AD ,Meng zhixiang established the later shu state in 994AD li shun established the da shun state in chengdu .IN 1644AD ,zhang xianzhong had the DAxi peasant sovereignty established in chengdu.

As we known ,that chengdu has been the formal name for this city since its born ,there are also many given nicknames, which tells us the history of chengdu city in a special way .The first city in chengdu built in Qin dynasty was nicknamed as “the tortoise city ” , for people followed a big tortoise ‘crawling to build the wall.

In the western Han dynasty, with booming economy , chengdu was a highly famed for brocade .the silk and brocade was sold for the overseas . So ,it was called “the city of brocade ”

As meng chang ,the king of the shu state ,ordered that the hibiscus planted along the city wall ,which made the forty kilometers of the wall as beautiful as brocade ,chengdu was known as “the city of hibiscus .”

Nowadays , chengdu as a metropolitan in the western region is famous for its booming economy .In fact ,its glory could be traced back long ago .as early as western han dynasty ,chengdu with the population of 350000 was listed as one of the most flourishing cities together with luoyang linzi handan yuan .It was in tang dynasty that yanghzou was the most prosperous city while chengdu was in the second place .At that time , the long famed brocade in chengdu was booming with the developed economy together with paper ,silk, porcelain and the lacquer ware 1023 Ad in the song dynasty , a special administration was set in chengdu to regulate jiaozi the earliest currency issued in china .when Marco polo ,an Italian businessman , arrived in chengdu in yuan dynasty ,he was deeply impressed by the prosperity and richness, which had been described vividly in his book ,travels.

With its flourishing economy , talented scholars were born in chengdu area . Sima xiangru and Yang xiong were the most prominent scholars in the han dynasty . IN the following dynasty ,many of the talents either were native of chengdu or had certain romance with chengdu city .That all poets under heaven came to chengdu was the slogan at the tang dynasty .Li ,dufu, and xuetao ,shushi and luyou just named a few .And zhangdaqian ,xu beihong ,guo moruo and marshal chengyi were the proud of chengdu city .

Chengdu is proud of its cultural background and scenic beauties .we can see a clear history with all the sites and evidence that exists. On the vast and fertile chengdu plain ,There are many historic remains that reveals the past of this city .Sangxingdui museum displays the ancient city ,ancient kingdom, and ancient shu ,which is considered as one of the ten most valuable discoveries in china . The Jinsha ruin is anther important remain that has been discovered in recent years .The Dujiangyan irrigation system built about 2000 years age contributes to the fertile land and agricultural wealth of Chengdu . In chengdu city , we can visit the royal tomb of wangjian ,the wuhou temple ,the dufu’thatched cottage ,the river viewing pavilion park ,and qingyang temple .

Around chengdu sity ,there are many beautiful and impressive natural scenery sports .Such as Mt Emei , Mt Qingcheng ,Mt xilingxueshan Etc .Those are the best choices to smell the fresh air.

The famous cultural city ,chengdu ,is not only known for her history of more than 2300 years ,but also noted for its leisure life style .chengdu portrays itself as the eden of the east ,for it is associated with leisure affluence and romance ,just like the orifinal garden of eden of biblical reputation ,leisure is definitely the true color of the city.

On a fine day , one can go to a plain tea house ,find a bamboo chair ,lie on it in the most comfortable position and order a cup of tea .You can half a dozen newspapers and flip through the pages as you like .You might doze off in all the comfort .You might slop tea while watching tea art or various performances ,such as the breathing of fire or acrobatics.

The leisure and idleness of chengdu is also reflected in various local snacks .The snacks are delicious yet inexpensive ,and a food break is a good way to kill time .After dusk in the summer, the native like to go out to sit on the dikes of the funan river to drink beer ,eat snacks ,and enjoy the slow pace of life.

厦门导游词范文(篇九)

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Historical relics, natural scenery, temples, churches, assembly halls and commemorative sites of the Chinese revolution will illuminate Tianjins past, present and future. Tianjin is honored as Building Museum as it was occupied by nine imperial powers before the founding of the new China, leaving behind many buildings with extraordinary and exotic architectural styles, a real feast for the eye! In the following text let me give you a brief introduction to the Jinmen Shijing (top ten scenic attractions in Tianjin).

Huangyaguan Great Wall :

Located in the mountainous area of Tianjins northern Ji County, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was first built during the Northern Qi Dynasty (550 - 557) and repaired in large scale with bricks during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). When appointed as the chief commanding officer in the Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons of the Ming Dynasty), Qi Jiguang added watch towers and other defensive works.

The Huangyaguan Great Wall comes out first in the ten most-visited sites in Tianjin. It is considered to be a miniature of the Great Wall. The entire section is built on an abrupt mountain ridge. Being endowed with both natural beauty and cultural interest, it has become famous as a natural beauty spot and a summer resort. The major scenic area is composed of Huangyaguan Pass and Taiping Mountain Stronghold.

Huangyaguan Pass: In 1984, the people of Tianjin spent three years repairing 3,308 yards of the main wall from Banlagang Mountain in the east to Wangmaoding Mountain in the west. They restored 20 terraces, the Huangyaguan Water Gate, and the Bagua Castle (the Eight Diagrams Castle). The defensive system of the wall is complete. Watch towers, frontier cities, drain holes, emplacements, barracks and other indispensable military facilities are arranged orderly along the wall. Besides, the stele forests of the Great Wall, Beiji Temple, the exhibition hall of famous couplets, the Great Wall Museum (the first museum along the Great Wall) and the Phoenix Fortress have been newly built within the area.

Taipingzhai Great Wall :

Six miles southeast of Huangyaguan Pass is the Taipingzhai Great Wall, another important mountain stronghold of the wall during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). It is also called Taipinganzhai, meaning "a village of peace and prosperity". Starting from Banlagang Mountain in the east and arriving at Guafu Tower (Widow Tower) in the west, it winds through the precipitous mountains for about 955 yards.

The wall is an important component of Huangyaguan Great Wall. There are six watch towers, one battlement, and one shortcut leading to the wall. The architectural styles of the military towers vary considerably. There are square, round, solid and hollow towers, with some inside and others outside the wall. Beside the shortcut, there is a small citadel where an statue of Qi Jiguang, the chief commanding officer of Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons in the Ming Dynasty) is located. The local people built this statue in order to commemorate his great contribution to frontier peace and stability in that period. To the west of the citadel, a section of the wall extends 33 yards out to where a sentry post was situated.

At the western end of the wall is a square stone tower called Guafu Tower, "Widow Tower" in English, built by twelve wives whose husbands died during the construction of the wall in the Ming Dynasty. The widows erected this tower to commemorate their husbands notable exploits. The tower has two levels and measures 13-meters (14-yards) high. Arched arrow windows are on the four sides of the tower.

Besides these cultural points of interest, Taipingzhai Great Wall is also famous for its amazingly impressive scenery. Zigzagging along the mountain ridge for over 984 yards, the wall looks very much like a giant dragon flying through clouds.

Mt. Panshan Scenic Area :

Covering an area of 106 square kilometers (about 26193 acres), Mt. Panshan Scenic Area is located in Jixian County, 110 kilometers ( miles) away from Tianjin, 88 kilometers ( miles) away from Beijing. As the name suggests, the scenic area is mainly Mt Panshan–oriented. Endowed with natural beauty and a historical heritage, Mt Panshan is known as The First Mountain East of Beijing and is listed as one of the top fifteen mountains in China.

The mountain acquired its present name, early in the Eastern Han (25-220). Taizong , the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), was prodigal of his praise of its scenery on his chance visit when he led the army in a campaign. Seventy-two temples, thirteen pagodas and numerous Xanadus and towers were built on the mountain in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Qianlong, a brilliant and wise Qing Dynasty emperor was so impressed that he made thirty or so visits and wrote 1366 poems to express his admiration of the area. In the first half of the twentieth century, the whole resort all fell to ruin due to hostilities and neglect. It has undergone a process of restoration since the 1990s and is now regaining its fame.

It is famous for jade pine trees, strange and astonishing peaks, clear waters, grotesquely shaped rocks and clusters of ancient temples. On the mountaintop, numerous pines hide the sky from view and block out the sunshine. Rugged rocks in a variety of shapes, some of which resemble a toad, a general or a boa, will greet you in the middle of the mountain. At its foot, clear water splashes on the rocks. The mountain consists of five peaks, with the main one, Guayue (Moon Hanging) Peak. Although Guayue Peak is only 857 meters ( feet) above sea level, to the north it is possible to see a section of the Great Wall while to the west Mt Taihang can be seen.

From the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280) onwards, emperors enthusiastically commissioned the building of temples, towers and Xanadus resulting in over 160 such sites. There are four main temples: Tiancheng Temple (God Proposing Temple), Yunzhao Temple (Cloud-Hiding Temple), Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) and Wansong Temple (Ten Thousand-Pine Temple). Tiancheng Temple built in the Tang Dynasty, was enlarged and repaired in the Ming and the Qing dynasties. To the east of this temple stands the Ancient Dagoba. As the biggest tower in this mountain, it has thirteen floors. The roof of the Yunzhao Temple was a golden yellow, a color that normally was only allowed to be used on imperial buildings. By granting permission for this, Emperor Qianlong demonstrated his approval and admiration of the mountain. Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) has 10,960 small Buddhas statues.

厦门导游词范文(篇十)

Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English-speaking university in the world, it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, initiated the University's tradition of international scholarship. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a uniuersitas or corporation.

In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (students and townspeople) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of xford's colleges or endowed houses whose architectural splendour, together with the University's libraries and museums, give the city its unique character. University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, established between 1249 and 1264, were the oldest.

Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges. In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.

厦门导游词范文(篇十一)

In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long)ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at theJiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass ofHebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the GreatWall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture.

Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took placefollowing along the construction, and since that time these stories have spreadaround the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, suchas Meng Jiangnu‘s story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu‘sstory is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the GreatWall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC).

It tells of how Meng Jiangnu‘s bitter weeping made a section of the GreatWall collapse. Meng Jiangnu‘s husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federalofficials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from himafter his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the timeshe reached the great wall, she discovered that her husband had already the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of apart of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is theproduction of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners.

Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhanin the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. Hecalculated that it would need 99,999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. Thesupervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even onebrick,then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for threeyears.

After the completion of the project,one brick was left behind the Xiwongcity gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready topunish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was putthere by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause thecollapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It canstill be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass.

In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of theGreat Wall,there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famousone is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the WesternZhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si,who wasvery pretty. King You liked her very much, however Bao Si never smiled.

An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire wouldfrighten the King‘s subjects, and might make the queen smile. King You liked theidea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the enemies invaded Western Zhou, King You set the beacon tower on fire to askfor help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once , King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end.

Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep aliveChinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the GreatWall, many more stories were created and spread.

厦门导游词范文(篇十二)

Oxford is a unique and historic institution.

As the oldest English-speaking university in the world, it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence.

There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.

In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, initiated the University's tradition of international scholarship.

By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a uniuersitas or corporation.

In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (students and townspeople) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence.

These were succeeded by the first of xford's colleges or endowed houses whose architectural splendour, together with the University's libraries and museums, give the city its unique character.

University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, established between 1249 and 1264, were the oldest.

Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges.

In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.

Oxford early on became a centre for lively controversy, with scholars involved in religious and political disputes.

John Wyclif, a 14th-century Master of Balliol, campaigned for a bible in the vernacular, against the wishes of the papacy.

In 1530, Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon.

During the Reformation in the 16th century, the Anglican churchmen Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford.

The University was Royalist in the Civil War, and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House.

In the late 17th century, the Oxford philosopher John Locke, suspected of treason, was forced to flee the country.

The 18th century, when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics, was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival.

Edmund Halley, Professor of Geometry, predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley's prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.

The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era.

The Oxford Movement, led by John Henry Newman, broke from the Anglican Church in the 1840s.

Twenty years later, the new University Museum was the site of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, the champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.

From 1878, academic halls were established for women, who became members of the University in 1920.

Since 1974, all but one of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women.

St Hilda's remains the only women's college.

In the years since the war, Oxford has added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine.

In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as a focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.

StudentsThe University of Oxford's total student population numbers just over 16,100 (students in residence, 1998-9).

Almost a quarter of these students are from overseas, including the countries of the European Union.

More than 130 nationalities are represented among our student body.

Almost 5,000 students are engaged in postgraduate work.

Of these, around 3,000 are working in the arts and humanities.

StaffOxford's current academic community includes 76 Fellows of the Royal Society and 105 Fellows of the British Academy.

A further 97 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are also Fellows of the British Academy, and 142 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are Fellows of the Royal Society.

厦门导游词范文(篇十三)

Everybody is good! Welcome to visit suzhou gardens. I am your tour guide,surnamed pan, just call me pan or pan guide. Let me take you to visit!

Suzhou garden with beautiful scenery, is famous for its elegant, have"jiangnan garden enjoys, suzhou garden armor chiangnan" the laudatory are both lakes and mountains, wide, and Bridges the jiangnan waterrhyme.

Now we came to the humble administrators garden. Humble administratorsgarden is one of the four classical gardens in China. It is located in suzhou inthe swallow gate, is the largest one in suzhou garden, also is therepresentative work of suzhou gardens. You see, the humble administratorsgarden is light fitting for property of building layout, the clever, fair,simple natural pure and fresh style? Its layout theme centered on water, thewater area is about one 5 of the total, various pavilions hin pavilions built bythe water. Main building has far hong tong, snow sweet YunWeiTing, to frosteighteen datura flower pavilion, pavilion, pavilion, 36 yuanyang pavilion, photos below, youd better be careful, dont fall into the water orlitter!

Visit the humble administrators garden, now everyone with me to thesurging waves pavilion. Surging waves pavilion is the oldest a garden in the garden rocks as blue waves accent. Look, head on a heaped-upmountains, stone pavilion is located on its blue waves. Is Lord of the gardenrockery southeastern md hall building, and there are five hundred MingXianshrine, see mountain building, emerald green and exquisite pavilions, back checkpavilion and royal pavilion building through with them. Landscape art isdifferent, not into the garden gate and set a pool of green water around outsidein the garden. Chisel below has a pool, landscape are connected to a complextortuous galleries, how beautiful! The composition

Below you see the lion grove. Is one of the four classical gardens insuzhou. Because of the high stone mountain park, more like a lion, so the name"lion" Lin. Forest lake stone rockery and more exquisite, architecturaldistribution of strewn at random have send, the main building there is YanYuhall, see waterfall mountain building, pavilion, ask MeiGe, etc. Lion grovetheme is clear, the depth of field is rich, personality, false cave lives thecraftsmanship, objects dont have a charm.

Finally, lets visit the garden. Lingering garden is one of Chinas fourbig gardens. Was built in the Ming dynasty. Central garden covers an area ofabout 50 acres, with landscape is given priority to, is the essence main building has a green mountain, bright floor, quxi far cui pavilionbuildings, the wind the place such as the pool pavilion. Keep the number ofcampus building in the gardens in suzhou crown, fully embodies the ancientlandscape of superb artistry and outstanding wisdom.

Now that we have finished the few parks are not allowed to visit the suzhougardens. I would be glad to visit the gardens together with everybody, thank youfor your support for my work! Good bye!

厦门导游词范文(篇十四)

Ladies and gentlemen:

The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing. It is also known as the Forbidden City in the old days. Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperors and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Its name, on the one hand, comes from ancient Chinese astronomers' belief that God's abode or the Purple Palace, the pivot of the celestial world, is located in the Pole Star, at the center of the heavens . Hence, as the Son of God, the emperor should live in the Purple City. On the other hand, except for palace maids, eunuchs and guards, ordinary the Forbidden City and the Purple City.

It took 14 years to complete the magnificent palace. Construction began in 1406 and finished in 1420. The following year, in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi, altogether 24 emperors lived here for a total of 491 years. 14 of then were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors.

The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares with a total floor space of about 163,000 square meters. It is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a10-meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat. At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days.

The Forbidden City now consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings with rooms of 8,704. Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble, stone or brick foundations. The building materials were from parts of our country. The timber came from Sichuan, Guizhou, Guandxi, Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China. But in the Qing Dynasty, the timbers were transported from northeast China. Other construction materials, including brick, stone and lime, were used by both Dynasties. The golden bricks that paved the halls were manufactured in Suzhou, refined bricks used to build the foundation of halls were made in Linqing, and lime came from Yizhou. White marble was provided regularly by Fangshan County and glazed tiles by Sanjiadian.

The Forbidden City can be divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The Outer Court consists of three main buildings where the emperors attended the grand of rear three main buildings and the six eastern palaces and six western palaces where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines to live in.

The Forbidden City is the best-preserved imperial palace in China and the largest ancient palatial structure in the world. In 1987 it was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The Meridian Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City. It is called Meridian Gate because the emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe. It is high with five towers on the top, so it is also nicknames as the “Five-Phoenix Tower.”

The Meridian Gate was the place to announce the new lunar year calendar on the first day of 10th lunar month every year. Lanterns would also be hung up on the Meridian Gate on the 15th day of the first lunar month during the Ming Dynasty, when all the officials would have a feast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens, when all the officials would have a fast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens would go to the Meridian Gate to look at the beautiful lanterns. When a general returned from battle, the ceremony of “Accepting Captives of War” was held here. The “Court Beating” also took place here.

The gate has five openings. The central passageway was for the emperor exclusively. But apart from the emperor, the empress could use the central passageway on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony. However, after the palace examination, the first top three outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate. The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east. The two smaller ones on both sides at the corner were for the lowranking officials. During the Palace Examination all the candidates went in from these two side-gates according to the odd number or even number.

厦门导游词范文(篇十五)

ladies, gentlemen:

today we are going to tour the scenic spot is the yellow fruit treewaterfall. the yellow fruit tree waterfall is china first in thewaterfall, also is in the world one of in admiration of somebody'sfame big waterfalls. in november, 1982, examined and appr oved afterthe people's republic of china state council, the yellow fruit treewaterfall has been listed as the national key scenery scenic spotarea.

the yellow fruit tree waterfall is apart from the provincial capitalguiyang 137 kilometers, is located west guizhou province townninghsien and guanling county bordering on place hits the nation riverbranch the clear water river bank. rides in a carriage from guiyang tothe yellow fruit tree, approximately needs about for a half hour thetime.

the yellow fruit tree big waterfall already arrived, you looked, thiswas already the known far and wide chinese first big waterfall.

the yellow fruit tree waterfall height 68 meters, in the waterfall thewaterfall 6 meters, alwayshigh 74 meters, the width 81 meters, the summerfall flood rises suddenly in addition, waterfall like yellow river butactually leans, the cliff trembles, valley bangthunder, about ten miles,also can hear to its roaring; as a result of the fluent formidableimpulse, the mist which splashes may fill the air above severalhundred meters, causes to be situated the border and the downtownwhich the cliff goes against left side of the waterfall frequently themist which splashes is covered. the tourist says it "the silver rainto sprinkle the golden street". the winter the water is spring small,the waterfall then divides into 35 to go against from the shorehangs down, looks by far, that pure white shui lianpiao however under,raises sprinkles, if silk fabrics dances in the breeze, if theimmortal flutters lifts, like virtuous young woman gauze…… . for several hundred years, the yellow fruit tree waterfall grandappearance continuously exclaimed in surprise for many writersscholars. the qing dynasty guizhou renowned calligrapher, "summerpalace" three characters topic volume yan yinliang in "looks theantithetical couplet which the pavilion on the water" the topicwrites: "the clear water like cotton and kapok, does not need the bowto bow cotton wool self-scattering. the sunset glow resembles thebrocade, he xusuo weaves the day production ", was the image butvividly summarized the yellow fruit tree waterfall grand scenery.

now, we arrived the waterfall dropping place —— rhinoceros deep water this deep pool because the fable bright rhinoceros hidesacquires fame. has the god rhinoceros, nobody has seen, but the deeppool water mystical is profound, until now still, any person settlesdown nearby the deep pool, can recollectionsassociationflies fast. the drizzle which whenthe cloudless day morning 10 now and then about 4 pm, as a result ofthe sunlight refraction, you also may penetrate waterfall impactsplash, saw raise the seven colors of the spectrum rainbow from thedeep deep pool, cause your fresh grand appearance to be unparalleled,feeling of the gorgeous illustrious day.

why does this waterfall give a name is called the yellow fruit treewaterfall, what waterfalls but isn't called other other? according tothe folklore, is because nearby the waterfall on has big huang jueshu,according to the local voice, and "the fruit" the pronunciationis same, therefore the people on the custom called it yellow fruittree, this is one view. also some one view, nearby the fable very longbefore waterfall farmers all liked planting the yellow fruit, nearbythe waterfall on have a big yellow orchard, therefore on called thiswaterfall it the yellow fruit tree waterfall.

other famous big waterfalls compare with the world in, the yellowfruit tree big waterfall although does not have the african victoriabig waterfall, a north america nepal asia carat big waterfall, thevenezuelan anheer big waterfall like that broad, profound and isgrand, but, the yellow fruit tree big waterfall is innate it unusuallyplace, it is in the world occupies the karst area in the waterfall,also is the magnificent waterfall. this big waterfall on the pictureis together the strange magnet, in its ground, underground, aquatic,in the water also is adsorbing a succession of abundant posturegraceful view. most mysterious, is hides in the big waterfall halfwaycliff porch cavern, because outside hole caneradish climbsattaches, shui guazhucurtain, therefore says "shui liandong". this is in the world otherbig waterfall no unusual landscapes.

ladies, gentlemen, "shui liandong" already arrived, this shui liandongthe span 134 meters, it by 6 holes windows, 3 stocks vauclusian springand 6 channels is composed. according to the chinese myth storyreorganization large-scale tv serial "monkey" center shui liandong aplay, is here photographs.

this is the first hole window, its position lowest, to rhinoceros deeppool water surface only 40 meters, but hole window then is mostspacious, some several meters widths, position when first, twowaterfalls, big water two waterfalls cheng shuilian, completely sealsup the hole window; the water hour then the grading pulls open, isdifferent, pities the picture to be allowed at will opensgathers the windowblind from several meters to several meters.

this is the second hole window, it leaves about the first hole windowonly 4 meters. this is a quiet world, is known as the crystal is shui liandong heart is partial, length 11 meters, height 9meters, width 3 meters. the roadside has a water seepage, limpid isbright, the water elder maintains at a water level. the hole goesagainst is being hanging many clockbreaststone, clockbreaststone on also has theprecious curl stone in mai ganzhuang. on the hole wall also is hanginginnumerable shi man, the stone curtain.

this is the threehole window, it to outsidesuddenly, likes the balcony very hole window has 1 meter high, 3 meter long, outside encircles hasthe guard rail, the tourist stands behind the guard rail may put out ahand to trace the waterfall, therefore the people here called it"traces waterfall".

ladies, gentlemen, now we must tour the landscape is the rhinocerosdeep pool canyon landscape. you looked that, from the rhinoceros waistdownward, is together connected falls together the water, is in turnrhinoceros deep pool, three beaches, horse's hoof beach, oil fish welland so on. in this a succession of beach deep pool, is the headnaturally is the rhinoceros deep pool, its deep meters,frequently for splash the bead cover, the fog bead submerge. so longas has the sunlight, the waterfall splashes on the bead frequently tohang seven colors riotous rainbows, moves along with the person,unpredictable.

why can the yellow fruit tree waterfall like this? this is because theyellow fruit tree waterfall is situated at the karst area, is createsby the fluent corrosive nature. upstream when traces to the source thecorrosion crackspot arrives, the river water along the karst crevassewashes out, dissolveseclipse, flushes the eclipse, the abrasion, the pipelinegradually expands, forms does not fall the hole and the buried river;after the surface river pours into falls the water-dunnel the watervolume proportion gradually to increase, has formed the karst areaunique raidsseizes, pours into in the open jet falls the water-dunnelplace, forms falls the water-dunnel type waterfall. flushes theeclipse and the strategy avalanche function along with the current ofwater unceasingly intensifies, the underground river cavern is moreand more big, thereupon dryvalley grew along the surface has had thestring distribution the shaft and the roof louvre window, theyunceasingly expanded, the combination, broke down collapses, hascreated the nowadays grand magnificent sight yellow fruit tree bigwaterfall and the waterfall downriver sincere precipitous canyon.

i hoped you lift your photographic camera, pats down the yellow fruittree waterfall, keeps in your memory, propagandizes for more people,because, the yellow fruit tree waterfall is china, simultaneously alsobelongs to the world.

厦门导游词范文(篇十六)

Mount Rushmore is a memorial to the birth,growth,preservation and development of the United States of America. Gutzon Borglum sculpted busts of Presidents George Washington,Thomas Jefferson,Theodore Roosevelt,and Abraham Lincoln high in the Black Hills to represent the first 150 years of American history.

The primary resource at Mount Rushmore is the granite sculpture itself,but also of interest is the Sculptor's Studio built under the direction of Sculptor Gutzon Borglum in 1939. Unique plaster models and tools related to the sculpting process are displayed in the studio.

厦门导游词范文(篇十七)

The Longmen Grottos are on the Yihe River bank, some 12 kilometers from ancient Luoyang city, about 30 minutes' drive. It is one of the three most important Buddhist sculptures and carvings in China. The Longmen Grottos enjoy a good location where two mountains confront each other between which flows the Yihe River.

The grotto was first carved in North Wei Dynasty, over 1500 years ago and expanded through the succeeding East and West Wei Dynasties, North Qi Dynasty, North Zhou Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties and was finally completed in North Song Dynasty. Over 500 years' renovation and expansion have created the prestigious world cultural site. The most significant chiseling activities happened in the Tang and North Wei Dynasties, which lasted over 150 years.

Spanning a length of around 1 kilometer on the hillside along the Yihe River, the niches resemble dozens of honeycombs dotting the area. There are about grottoes and niches, over 40 crematory urns, 3,600 inscribed stone tablets and over 100,000 Buddhist images and statues. The largest one is 17 meters high while the smallest is a tiny as 2 cm. One third of the complex are works of the North Wei Dynasty. These masterpieces are the Binyang Cave, and Lianhua( Lotus Cave). The impressive Qianxi Temple, Fengxian Temple, Wanfo Cave( Ten Thousand Buddhist Cave) are the highlights of the Tang Dynast's carvings. The Longmen Grottos are of great value in world sculpture history and it has been listed in the World Cultural Heritage Site by the UNESCO. To protect such a valuable heritage site, the Chinese government as well as some influential world cultural organizations are trying hard to share this site with the whole word. A large-scaled renovation was undertaken in 2003 to keep the grottos in good condition.